Friday, August 13, 2021
National Librarian's Day
Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan, was born
on 9th August 1892 in Shiyali, Madras, India. His father’s
name was Ramamrita Ayyar and his mother’s name was Seethalakshami. Dr.
Ranganathan he is also known as Father of Library science
of India. He was educated at the Hindu High School in Shiyali, at
Madras Christian College (where he took B.A. and M.A. degrees in mathematics in
1913 and 1916), and at Teachers College, Saidapet. In 1917 he joined the
faculty of Government College, Mangalore. He subsequently taught at
Government College, Coimbatore, in 1920 and at Presidency College, University
of Madras, in 1921–23. In 1924 he was appointed first librarian of the
University of Madras, and in order to fit himself for the post he travelled to
England to study at University College, London. He took up the job at Madras in
earnest in 1925 and held it until 1944. From 1945 to 1947 he served as
librarian and as professor of library science at Hindu University in Varanasi (Banaras),
and from 1947 to 1954 he taught at the University of Delhi. During 1954–57
he was engaged in research and writing in Zürich. He returned to India in the
latter year and served as visiting professor at Vikram University, Ujjain,
until 1959. In 1962 he founded and became head of the Documentation Research
and Training Centre in Bangalore, with which he remained associated for the
rest of his life, and in 1965 he was honoured by the Indian government with the
title of national research professor in library science. Ranganathan’s chief
technical contributions to library science were in classification and indexing
theory. His Colon Classification (1933) introduced a system that is widely
used in research libraries around the world and that has affected the evolution
of such older systems as the Dewey Decimal Classification Later he devised the
technique of “chain indexing” for deriving subject-index entries. Other works
of his included Classified Catalogue Code (1934), Prolegomena
to Library Classification (1937), Theory of the Library Catalogue (1938), Elements
of Library Classification (1945), Classification and International
Documentation (1948), Classification and Communication (1951),
and Headings
and Canons (1955). His Five Laws of Library Science (1931) was
widely accepted as a definitive statement of the ideal of library service. He
also drafted plans for a national and several state library systems, founded
and edited several journals, and were active in numerous professional
associations. He was founded DRTC in Bangalore in 1962. Dr. Ranganathan served
in various universities throughout his life. He was awarded Padmashree in 1957
for his excellent contribution in the field of library. He was died in 27th September,
1972, Bangalore, Myso
re.
Wednesday, August 11, 2021
Saturday, July 31, 2021
MUNSHI PREMCHAND

Biography
Dhanpat
Rai Srivastava or Munshi Premchand as he was better known was born on 31 July,
1880 in Lamahi near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. He ranks as one of the tallest
icons in the field of modern Hindi and Urdu literature. He had to face
tremendous struggles to make his ends meet due to his patents’ early death. In
1910, the District Magistrate in Jamirpur reprimanded him for his collection of
short stories Soz-e-Watan, which was termed as seditious. Hereafter, he began
to write under the pen name “Premchand”.
He
wrote in Urdu too under the name of Nawabrai. Credited with introducing realism
to the world of Hindi literature, he responded to Mahatma Gandhi’s call in 1921
and resigned from government service. For a brief period, he worked as a
scriptwriter for Mumbai film industry. On the personal front, he married twice.
He used to write in the language of the common people and is credited with
introducing issues like communalism, corruption, poverty and colonialism into
Hindi and Urdu literature.
He lived a life of penury. Many of his works were later made into movies and
television serials. The legendary Satyajit Ray made two movies based on
Premchand’s works – Sadgati and Shatranj Ke Khiladi. Premchand also wrote some
plays. His works have been translated into many Indian and foreign languages.
He passed away on October 8, 1936.
Early
Life
Premchand
was born to Ajaib Rai and Anandi Devi. He was the fourth child of his parents.
He got his name Dhanpat Rai, while his uncle named him Nawab, which he used as
his first pen name.
Premchand
received his early education in a Madrasa in Lalpur and from there he learned
Urdu and Persian. Later, he was sent to a missionary school where he learned
English.
He
was very young when his mother died. His father remarried soon; but Premchand
did not share a good relation with his step-mother. After a few years, his
father passed away too and he had to discontinue his education.
To
support his step-mother and half-brother, he started providing tuition classes
to students. Later, he also received an offer for the post of an assistant
teacher at the Government District School in Bahraich. Around the same time, he
also started writing fictions. His first pseudonym was “Nawab Rai” However,
later he had to change his name and take up Premchand as pseudonym after
publishing ‘Soz-e-Watan’, a short story collection which was banned by British
officials.
During
the mid-1910s, Premchand became a famous Urdu writer and by 1914 he became a
Hindi writer. In 1916 he took up a job of Assistant Master in the Normal High
School, Gorakhpur. ‘Seva Sadan’ is his first major Hindi novel which was
published in 1919.
During the non-cooperation movement, he resigned from the post of Deputy Inspector of Schools. He moved to Benares and started working on his literary career. In 1923, he established a publishing house ‘Saraswati Press’. In 1930, he came up with a political-weekly called ‘Hans’. In 1931, he took a job of teacher in a Marwari College in Kanpur. In the same year he left the job and came back to Benares and worked as an editor of the ‘Maryada’ magazine and as a headmaster the Kashi Vidyapeeth. In 1931, he moved to Mumbai and worked as a script writer for Ajanta Cinetone, a production house. The script for film Majboor was written by him. His last works were Kafan and Godaan.
Novels
·
Devasthan Rahasya (Urdu title:Asrar-e-Ma’abid)
·
Prema (Urdu title: Hamkhurma-o-Ham Sawab)
·
Kishna
·
Roothi Rani
·
Soz-e-Watan (Urdu)
·
Vardaan (Urdu title: Jalwa-e-Isar)
·
Seva Sadan (Urdu title: Bazaar-e-Husn)
·
Premashram (Urdu title: Gosha-e-Afiyat)
·
Rangbhoomi (Urdu title: Chaugan-e-Hasti)
·
Nirmala (Urdu title: Nirmala)
·
Kaayakalp (Urdu title: Parda-i-Majaz)
·
Pratigya (Urdu title: Bewa)
·
Gaban (Urdu title: Ghaban)
·
Karmabhoomi (Urdu title:Maidan-e-Amal)
·
Godaan
·
Mangalsootra (incomplete)
Short Stories
·
Adeeb Ki Izat
·
Duniya ka Sabse Anmol Ratan
·
Bade Bhai Sahab
·
Beti ka Dhan
·
Saut
·
Sajjanata ka dand
·
Panch Parameshvar
·
Ishwariya Nyaya
·
Pariksha
·
Ghasvali
·
Nashaa
·
Lottery, to name a few.
Some of His other Works
include:
Film script
·
Mazdoor (1934)
Plays
·
Karbala
·
Prem Ki Vedi
·
Sangram
·
Roohani Shadi
·
Tajurba
Biographies
·
Durgadas
·
Mahatma Sheikhsadi (biography of Saadi)
·
Essays
·
Qalam Tyag aur Talwar
·
Kuchh Vichar (two parts)
Children’s Books
·
Jangal ki Kahaniyan
·
Manmodak
·
Kutte ki Kahani
·
Ram Charcha
Tuesday, July 27, 2021
कैप्टन विक्रम बत्रा : ‘ये दिल माँगे मोर’ - हिमाचलप्रदेश के छोटे से कस्बे पालमपुर के 13 जम्मू-कश्मीर राइफल्स के कैप्टन विक्रम बत्रा उन बहादुरों में से एक हैं, जिन्होंने एक के बाद एक कई सामरिक महत्व की चोटियों पर भीषण लड़ाई के बाद फतह हासिल की थी।यहाँ तक कि पाकिस्तानी लड़ाकों ने भी उनकी बहादुरी को सलाम किया था और उन्हें ‘शेरशाह’ के नाम से नवाजा था। मोर्चे पर डटे इस बहादुर ने अकेले ही कई शत्रुओं को ढेर कर दिया। सामने से होती भीषण गोलीबारी में घायल होने के बावजूद उन्होंने अपनी डेल्टा टुकड़ी के साथ चोटी नं. 4875 पर हमला किया, मगर एक घायल साथी अधिकारी को युद्धक्षेत्र से निकालने के प्रयास में माँ भारती का लाड़ला विक्रम बत्रा 7 जुलाई की सुबह शहीद हो गया। अमर शहीद कैप्टन विक्रम बत्रा को अपने अदम्य साहस व बलिदान के लिए मरणोपरांत भारत के सर्वोच्च सैनिक पुरस्कार ‘परमवीर चक्र’ से सम्मानित किया गया।
फ्लाइट लेफ्टिनेंट नचिकेता इस युद्ध में पाकिस्तान द्वारा युद्धबंदी बनाए गए। वीरता और बलिदान की यह फेहरिस्त यहीं खत्म नहीं होती। भारतीय सेना के विभिन्न रैंकों के लगभग 30,000 अधिकारी व जवानों ने ऑपरेशन विजय में भाग लिया।


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Different quiz link https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1BnOPPET_67fsL48svq4eHnuE...
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Story Books For Primary Students https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=11B--EBurBuylQ4nnNZ5VdFbt_TO6b7th













